The Role of AI in U.S. and Russian Military Operations and Its Implications on Ukraine’s Cyber and National Security

Abstract

This article explores how the use of artificial intelligence (AI) during military operations by the U.S. and Russia affects Ukraine’s security. we study the development and use of AI in intelligence, attacking targets, autonomous systems, cyber warfare and information operations. We see that both the U.S. and Russia are working hard to make use of AI on the battlefield for instance Russia is utilizing AI-driven drones and kamikaze devices while the U.S. is creating large numbers of inexpensive autonomous drones for the same purpose (Bajak, November 25, 2023). As the war in Ukraine continues, AI tools like drones are transforming fighting tactics and strategies for all involved. Now Ukraine must be prepared for greater cyber-sabotage from Russia, as well as for better air defense and stronger security of sensitive information. To conclude we propose that Ukraine happens stand back their AI with help from government agencies, strengthen its resistance to cyber-attacks and grow its anti-drone defense, while working towards global standards for military using AI (Antoniuk, 2025). AI has contributed to a new type of arms race and also resulted in the deepening of the great-power security dilemma that matters to Ukraine.