Honour, Custom or Crime: Honour Killing in Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62843/jrsr/2024.3a014Keywords:
Honour Killing, Community, Family’s Reputation, Social Norms, Cultural Norms, PakistanAbstract
"Honour killings" refer to the deliberate killing of a person, usually a woman, because the perpetrator feels that the victim's acts have brought shame or disgrace to their family or community. Often, family members or close relatives commit these deadly crimes in an attempt to restore the family's reputation for honour. Honour killings can have a variety of reasons, but they usually centre on actions that are thought to go against social, religious, or cultural norms. These behaviours can include accepting an organized marriage proposal, dating someone outside of your group, or marrying someone from a different community. Sadly, it has been determined that Pakistan has a high rate of honour killings despite of attempts to prevent and discourage this practice through legal enactments and administrative actions. The paper aims to analyse the situation of honour killing relay on the number of cases decided by the Superior Judiciary in the years 2016-18.
References
Ali, R. N., Wajahat, J., & Jan, M. (2021). Combating the harassment of women at workplace: An analysis of legislation in Pakistan. journal of social sciences review, 1(1), 72-93. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.2021.1.1.72
Ali, R. N. (2021). Violence Against Women And Response Of The Superior Courts And Institutions In Pakistan (2016-2018). Webology, 18(5), 2332-2345. https://www.webology.org/data-cms/articles
Anderson, N., Cockcroft, A., Ansari, U., Omer, K., Ansari, N. M., Khan, A., & Ullah, U. (2010). Barriers to Disclosing and Reporting Violence among Women in Pakistan: Findings from a National Household Survey and Focus Group Discussions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(11), 1965–1985. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260509354512.
Antoinette, M. (2001). Ethnocentrism and Feminism: Using a Contextual Methodology in International Women's Rights Advocacy and Education, Southern University Law Review, 28, 279. https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/law_facultyscholarship/197/?sequence=1
Awan, Z. A. (2004). Violence against women and impediments in access to justice. Background Paper for the Pakistan Country Gender Assessment, Washington DC: World Bank.
Bhattacharya, S. (2014). Status of women in Pakistan. Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, 51(1), 179–211. http://ocd.lcwu.edu.pk/cfiles/Political%20Science/EC/Pol.Sc-204/statusofwomeninpak.pdf
Bulmer, M. (1980). Why don't sociologists make more use of official statistics?. Sociology, 14(4), 505-523. https://doi.org/10.1177/003803858001400401
Caputi, J., & Russell, D. (1990). Femicide: Speaking the unspeakable. Ms.: The World of Women, 1(2), 34-37.
Chaudhry, G. M. (2010). Chaudhry’s annotated consititution of Pakistan, 1973: Upto date and including all amending acts and orders.
Chaudhary, A.G., (2016). Pakistan Penal Code, Lahore: PLD Publisher, Sections 53A, 154,161A, 164A-164B, 156B, 299–311, 336-336B, 337-337 A (1), 337F (1)-338E, 341–346, 352, 361-369,375-376B, 498A-498C &509
Criminal Law (Amendment) (Offences in the name or pretext of Honour) Act, 2016. (n.d.). Gov.Pk. Retrieved October 21, 2024, from https://pcsw.punjab.gov.pk/criminal_law_honour_crimes
Ertürk, Y. (2006). Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, Its Causes and Consequences.
Hagan, F. E., & Hagan, F. E. (2000). Research methods in criminal justice and criminology. Allyn and Bacon.
Hakim, A., & Aziz, A. (1998). Socio-cultural, religious, and political aspects of the status of women in Pakistan. The Pakistan Development Review, 37(4II), 727–746. https://doi.org/10.30541/v37i4iipp.727-746
Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, State of Human Rights in 2016. (2016).
Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, State of Human Rights in 2017. (2017). Annual Report, 43–51.
Mahrwald, S. (2009). Rule of Law: The Case of Pakistan. In Lahore: Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, 4.
Mirza, N. (2011). seven pro-women laws in seven years, Legislative Watch (Vol. 38).
Noreen, N., & Mussarat, R. (2013). Protection of Women rights through legal reforms in Pakistan, journal of Public Administration & Governance. Journal of Public Administration & Governance, 3. www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/jpag/article/viewfile/5059/-8
Pakeeza, S. (2015). Domestic Violence Laws And Practices In Pakistan. VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences, 3(1), 46–49. https://doi.org/10.21015/vtess.v6i1.205
Patel, R. (1991). Socio-economic, political status and women and law in Pakistan. Socio-economic, political status and women and law in Pakistan. https://ixtheo.de/Record/1098392485
Patel, R. (2010). Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment in Pakistan. Oxford University Press.
Rahman, K., & Farhat, K. (2014). legislation on Women and Family in Pakistan: Trends and approaches. Institute of Policy Studies press.
Riverside, J. I., & Cicourel, A. V. (2017). A note on the uses of official statistics 1. Quantitative Methods in Criminology, 191-199. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315089256-8
Sajid, I. A., Khan, N. A., & Farid, S. (2010). Violence against Women in Pakistan: Constrain in Data Collection. Pakistan Journal of Criminology, 2(2), 93–110.
Tamanaha, B. Z. (2009). A concise guide to the rule of law. Relocating the Rule of Law. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781472564634.ch-001
Wajahat, J., Shahjehan, H., & Ali, R. N. (2023). An analysis of Qisas and Diyat laws, inadequately encompassed the Islamic gist as fused in judicial system of Pakistan. Journal of Social Sciences Review, 3(2), 532-537. https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.287
Weiss, A. M. (2012). Moving forward with the legal empowerment of women in Pakistan. Washington: US Institute of Peace.
World Health Organization. (1999). ‘Putting Women’s Safety First: Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Research on Domestic Violence against Women’. WHO/EIP/GPE/99.2 Geneva: World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (2015). Addressing Violence against Women in Afghanistan: The Health System Response.
